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NDT Methods Selection

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  NDT Method Selection: The NDT (nondestructive testing) methods are:   Visual Inspection – VT Liquid Penetrant Testing – LT Magnetic Particle Testing – MT Radiographic Testing – RT Ultrasonic Testing – UT Eddy Current Testing – ET (not used in field inspection) Acoustic Emission Testing – AET (not used in field inspection) Phased Array Ultrasonics – PA Time Of Flight Diffraction  –  TOFD Since each NDT methods has its own set of advantages and disadvantages and some are better suited than others for a particular application, the NDT technician or engineer  must select the method  that will detect the defect or make the measurement with the  highest sensitivity and reliability . The cost effectiveness of the technique must also be taken into consideration. The following table provides some  guidance  in the selection of NDT methods for common flaw detection and measurement applications. AQC (Advanced Quality Centre) is an ISO 9001:2015 certif...

Acceptance Criteria for Liquid Penetrant Testing -LPT

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  Acceptance Criteria for Liquid Penetrant Testing -LPT as per ASME , AWS and API standards Liquid penetrant testing  simply called as PT. Sometimes Dye Penetrant Testing is a surface defect detection NDT  method and is more sensitive to all kind of surface defects, such as cracks , porosity, hot tears, laps, etc. The NDT methods are trained by NDT Training Institutes with their NDT courses, and the LPT is one among the basic Non Destructive Testing Methods. Various international standards for Liquid Penetrant Testing are as below ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code BPVC- Section V – Article 6 and Article 24 ASTM E-1417 (ASTM Standard) ASTM E-165 (Penetrant Testing Standard for general Industry ASTM Standard) ISO 3452-1 (ISO Standard) SAE AMS 2644 (Aerospace Standard) AS 2062 (Australian Standard ) DIN EN 571 The Indications are evaluated as per Clients Acceptance Criteria or the Product Standard in conformance with the clients acknowledgement . Few examples of product s...

Heat Treatment of Alloys

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  What is an Alloy? Since metals are insoluble in water, alcohol; they are mixed with other metals in molten state which upon cooling solidifies to a solid mixture called an Alloy. This solid state mixture is also referred as a homogeneous liquid mixture. Alloys are formed by mixing a metal with metal or a metal with a non metal. From the above explanation it is clear that an alloy contains atleast one metal. What are the properties of an alloy? Alloys are harder, less malleable. They possess low melting points, low electrical conductivity. They resist corrosion and actions of acids. What is the purpose of alloying metals? To increase the hardness of the metal To lower the melting points of metals. To resist the corrosion of the metal. To modify the chemical activity of the metal. To modify the colour of the metal. To get good casting of metal. Effects or Functions of Alloying Elements: Addition of small amount of certain metals imparts some special properties like hardness, tensil...