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NDT on Shafts

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  Non Destructive Testing,NDT on Shafts is considered essential , because the shafts are mostly made as load bearing structures, any defects such as cracks will propagate more during acting of load and eventually will cause failure. The most possible defects in shafts are Cracks and Pipes , which is shown below The Non Destructive methods preferred for defect detection on raw material shafts are Ultrasonic Testing, Magnetic Particle testing / Eddy Current Testing / Magnetic Flux Leakage method. We have not discussed about other NDT methods such as Liquid Penetrant testing & Radiographic testing because for raw material inspection. These methods will be cost effective for raw material testing  ( i.e. most costly and labor intensive, also there is possibility of missing out the cracks in radiography testing due to orientation of crack ) The Defect wise identification method is given as below  , Internal Defect ( Piping ) – Ultrasonic Testing Surface Defects  (C rac...
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Types of Weld Joints

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  Here we are going to see about two types of weld Joints Groove Welds Fillet Welds Dimensions 1.1.  Groove Welds: In the following figures, the perspective drawings of types of weld joints are shown at the left, looking at each joint from the arrow side. The illustrations cover only a small number of all possible symbols.  The symbols shown here are those of the most common manufacturing application. 1.2 Fillet Welds Dimensions: Dimensions of fillet welds must be shown on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol. When fillet welds are indicated on both sides of a joint and no general note governing the dimensions of the welds appears on the drawing. OBS.:  If the dimensions of one or both welds differ from the dimensions given in the general note, both welds must be dimensioned. The size the fillet weld with unequal legs must be shown in parentheses to left of the weld symbol. 2. The length of a fillet weld, when indicated on the welding symbol, must b...
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Standards for Welding Positions

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  Standards for Welding Positions : It is very important for the Weld Inspector  to know the position , or location of a joint relative to the horizon, because it may determine what welding process, methods, and techniques can be used. Welding is usually easiest when the welder can work on a joint located on a flat, horizontal surface, such as on a table or bench. However, joints in the field may be located in a variety of positions relative to the welder and to the horizon, as shown below.  1)  Welding positions – AWS D1.1, European Welding Standard EN 287 – 1, ASME IX: 2) Welding Positions – Butt, Fillet and Piping Welds: Flat Butt Weld Position – 1G In this position, the axis line of the weld must  not incline more than 15°  from the horizon and the face of the weld must be on top. Welders often refer to the flat-position welding by the nonstandard term  downhand welding. Horizontal Butt Weld Position – 2G In this position, both plates are perpendic...
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